Branches of Biology

Eye of Jumping Spider
Photo by Thomas Shahan; Source: Flickr

Branches of Biology

1. Biology: study of  living organisms.

2. Botany:  study of plants.

3. Zoology: study of animals.

4. Morphology: study of internal and external structures of organisms (plants and animals) organs.

5. Histology: study of tissues.



6. Cytology: study of cells and cell organelles.

7. Anatomy: study of internal organs of plants and animals.

8. Embryology: study about male and female gametes, fertilization and development of embryo.

9. Microbiology: study of micro-organisms.

10. Physiology: study of various body functions and processes (e.g. respiration, photosynthesis, growth etc.).

11. Ecology: study of relationship of living beings (plants and animals) with environment. Also called Environmental biology.

12. Palynology: study of microspores or pollen grains.

13. Palaeontology: study of fossils.

14. Molecular Biology: Study of nature of biomolecules and their interactions in an organism

15. Astrobiology: study of extra-terrestrial life.

16. Biochemistry: study of bio-chemical process (e.g. diffusion, osmosis etc.)

17. Biophysics: study of application of physics principles in life processes.

18. Taxonomy: study of identification, nomenclature and classification of animals and plants.

19. Genetics: study of genes and inheritance

20. Bacteriology: study about bacteria.

21. Virology: study about viruses.

22. Eugenics: study of application of knowledge of genetics to the human welfare.

23. Bioinformatics: information processing of data in molecular biology by using computers.

24. Phytogeography: study about distribution of plants in different parts of the globe.

25. Mycology: study about fungi.

26. Phycology: study about algae.

27. Bryology: study of bryophyte plants.

28. Pteridology: study of Pteridophytes plants.

29. Entomology: study of insects

30. Neurology: branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, functions, and organic disorders of nerves and the nervous system

31: Neuroradiology: Branch of radiology focuses on the diagnosis and abnormalities of  nervous system.

32. Biotechnology: use of organisms or their parts to produce useful products like medicines.

33. Ethology:  study of how animals behave, particularly in their natural environments.

34. Paleoanthropology: study of human origins and evolution.

35. Sociobiology: study of social behavior based on evolutionary theory.

36. Osteology: study of bones.

37. Ichthyology:  study of fishes.

38. Toxicology: study about poisons.

39. Mammology: study of mammals

40. Primatology: study of primates (higher order of mammals)