Chemistry in Everyday Life
Very Short Q and A based on NCERT Class 12 Chemistry text book.
Q1: Define the term chemotherapy?
Answer: Treatment of diseases using chemicals for therapeutic effect is called chemotherapy.
Q2: What are competitive inhibitors?
Answer: Drug complete with natural substrate for their attachments on the active sites of enzymes .They are called competitive inhibitors.
Q3: Why do we require artificial sweetening agents?
Answer: To reduce calorie intake.
Q4: What are antagonists drugs?
Answer: The drugs that bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function.
Q5: What are main constituent of Dettol?
Answer: Choloroxylenol & Terpinol .
Q6: What type drug is phenacetin?
Answer: It is antipyretics.
Q7: Mention one important use of Equanil.
Answer: It is a tranquilizer.
Q8: Name the drug that are used to control allergy?
Answer: Antihistamines.
Q9: Define Antipyretics
Answer: Those drugs which reduce the temperature of feveral body are called Antipyretics. e.g. Paracetamol
Q10: Why is the use of aspartame limited to cold food and drinks?
Answer: It is unstable at cooking temperature and decompose.
Q11: What is tincture of iodine?
Answer: 2-3% iodine solution of alcohol water is called tincture of Iodine. It is a powerful antiseptics
and is applied on wounds.
Q12: What is tranquilizers? Give an example?
Answer: They is the drug used in stress, mild severe mental disease.
Q13: What are sulpha drugs? Give two examples?
Answer: A group of drugs which are derivatives of sulphanilamide and are used in place of antibiotics is called sulpha drugs. e.g. sulphadizine, sulphanilamide.
Q14: What type of drug is chloramphenicol?
Answer: It is broad spectrum antibiotic.
Q15: What is the use of sodium benzoate?
Answer: Preservatives
Q16: Why is biothional is added to the toilet soap?
Answer: It acts as antiseptics.
Q17: Identify the type of drug-
(i) Ofloxacin
(ii) Aspirin
(iii) Cimetidine
Answer:
(i) Antibiotic
(ii) Analgesics & Antipyretics
(iii) Antihistamines & antacid
Q18: What are food preservatives?
Answer: The substances that prevent spoilage of food due to microbial growth. eg- sodium benzonate.
Q19: What are cationinc detergents?
Answer: These detergents are quarternary ammonium salts of amines with acetates, chlorides, or bromides. They are expensive and are used to limited extent.
e.g.- cytyl trimethyl ammonium bromide
Q20: What are narrow spectrum antibiotics?
Answer: These antibiotics which are effective mainly against gram positive or gram negative bacteria. Eg Penicillin , streptomycin.
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