Geography - Chapter 2 - Maps ,Globe - Longitudes and Latitudes
Extra Questions
Q1. What is the shape of the earth?
Answer: Earth is round or spherical in shape.
Q2. What are Continents?
Answer: The large landmasses on the surface of the earth are called Continents.
Q3. What is an Ocean?
Answer: The large water bodies on the earth are called OceAnswer:
Q4. What is Cartography?
Answer: Cartography means the study of maps and the process of map-making.
Q5. What is an Atlas?
Answer: An atlas is a book of maps.
Q6. How many directions we have?
Answer: There are four directions and four sub directions:
Directions are : east, west, north and south.
Four sub directions are : north-east, north-west, south-east, south-west.
Q7. What do you mean by scale of a map?
Answer: Every map has a scale. It is like a ruler. It is a horizontal line marked off in miles, Kms. or some other units of distance measurement.
Q8. Why do we use symbols on map?
Answer: We use symbols to show natural or man-made features on the earth like roads, bridges, rivers etc.
Q9. Why different coloursare used on map?
Answer: Different coloursare used to show different things on the map like:
Blue – water bodies
Brown - mountains
Green – plain area
Yellow – deserts
Q10. Why does the earth look blue when seen from the space?
Answer: The earth looks blue because 71% of the surface of the earth has water and 29% of it is land area.
Q11. Name the seven continents.
Answer: Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia, Antarctica.
Q12. Name the oceans on the earth.
Answer: Pacific ocean, Atlantic ocean, Indian ocean, Arctic ocean, Antarctic ocean.
Q13. Name the largest continent and the smallest continent.
Answer: Asia is the largest continent and Australia is the smallest continent.
Q14. Name the largest ocean and the smallest ocean.
Answer: The Pacific ocean is the largest ocean and the Arctic ocean is the smallest ocean.
Q15. Differentiate between maps and globes?
Answer:
| No. | Maps | Globes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | A map is a flat drawing of the earth. | A map gives information about places in detail. |
| 2 | A globe is a model of the earth. | A globe cannot show all the places on the earth. |
| 3 | It is easy to carry. | It is difficult to carry. |
Q16. What is an axis?
Answer: The axis is an imaginary line which passes through the two ends of the globe
called the Poles.
Q17. How many types of maps are there?
Answer:
a) Political maps – These maps show political boundaries of countries and states and their capitals.
b) Physical maps –These maps show features like mountain, plains, plateaus, deserts, rivers etc.
c) Special maps – These maps show features like vegetation, wildlife, industries, crops etc.
d) Weather maps – These maps are used to prepare weather forecasts.
e) Road maps – These maps are used to plan routes for the trips.
Q18. Who created the first world map?
Answer: Abraham Ortellius created the map of the world in 1574.
Q19. Define the following:
a) Northern hemisphere
b) Southern hemisphere
c) Eastern hemisphere
d) Western hemisphere
Answer:
a) Northern hemisphere – The upper half of the earth from equator to the north pole is called northern hemisphere.
b) Southern hemisphere – The lower half of the earth from equator to the south pole is called southern hemisphere.
c) Eastern hemisphere – The part of the earth to east of the Prime meridian to 180 degree longitude is called the eastern hemisphere.
d) Western hemisphere – The part of the earth to the west of the Prime meridian to 180 degree longitude is called western hemisphere.
Q20. What is International date line?
Answer: It is an imaginary line that separates two consecutive calendar days. If we travel east across International dateline the date is one day ahead of the date in the western hemisphere.
Q21. Name the important Parallels or lines of latitude?
Answer. Some important parallels are:
a) Tropic of cancer
b) Tropic of Capricorn
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