CBSE Class 10 - History - The Making of A Global World (Short Questions and Answers) (#cbsenotes)(#eduvictors)

HISTORY - THE MAKING OF A GLOBAL WORLD (Short Q A)

Q1: What was the importance of the Indian trade for the British?

Answer: Indian trade was important for the British for the following reasons:

• Trade Surplus –
Britain had a Trade Surplus with Indian. Britain used this Surplus to balance its trade deficit with other countries.

• Home Charges – 
Britain’s trade Surplus in India also helped to pay the so-called home charges that included private remittance by British officials and traders, interest payments on India’s external debt and pensions of British officials in India.

• Major Supplier of cotton – 
India remained a major supplier of raw cotton to British which was required to feed the cotton textile industry in Britain.

• Supplier if indentured workers – 
Many indentured workers from Bihar, U.P., central India migrated to other countries to work in mines and plantations.


Q2: How did Bretton Woods System Work?



Answer:
⑴ The international monetary system is the system linking national currencies and monetary system.

⑵ The Briton woods system was based on fixed exchange rates. In this system, the national currencies were pegged to the dollar at a fixed exchange rate.

⑶ The Bretton woods system inaugurated an era of unprecedented growth of trade and incomes of the western industrial nations.


Q3: What were the effects of the British Government’s decision to abolish the Corn Laws?

Answer:
⑴ Food could be imported into Britain more cheaply than it would be produced within the country.

⑵ British agriculture was unable to compete with imports. Vast Areas of land were left uncultivated and people started migrating to cities or other countries.

⑶ As food prices fell, consumption in Britain rose. Faster industrial growth in Britain also led to higher incomes and therefore more food imports.

⑷ Around the world in Eastern Europe, Russia, America and Australia land were cleared and food production expanded to meet the British demand.



Q4: What were the advantages of the invention of a refrigerated ship?

Answer:
⑴ This reduced the shipping costs and lowered meat prices in Europe.
⑵ The poor in Europe could now consume a more varied diet.
⑶ To the earlier, monotony of Bread and Potatoes many, not all could add meat, butter or egg.
⑷ Better living conditions promoted social peace within the country and support for imperialism abroad.


Q5: What were the methods used by the European Employers in Africa to recruit and retain Labour?

Answer:
⑴ Heavy taxes were imposed which could be paid only by working for wages on plantations and mines.

⑵ Inheritance laws were changed so that peasants were displaced from the land: only one member of a family was allowed to inherit land, as a result of which the others were pushed into the labour market.

⑶ Mineworkers were also confined to compounds and not allowed to move about freely.


Q6: What was the role of Indian entrepreneurs abroad?

Answer:
⑴ Many groups of bankers and traders who financed export agriculture in Central and Southeast Asia

⑵ They had a sophisticated system to transfer money over large distances.

⑶ Indian traders and moneylenders also followed European colonizers into Africa.

⑷ Hyderabadi Sindhi traders, however, ventured beyond European colonies


☛See also
Chapter 4 - The Making of a Global World (Important Terms To Remember)
Chapter 4 - The Making of a Global World (Very Short QA)