CBSE Class 12 - Chemistry - Chapter 13 - Bio-molecules - Very Short Answer Based Questions (#eduvictors)(#cbse2020)(#class12Chemistry)

Chapter 13 - Bio-Molecules - Very Short Answer Based Questions 

CBSE Class 12 - Chemistry

Q1: What are carbohydrates?

Answer: Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds which produce these on hydrolysis.

Q2: What are the two end products of cellular respiration?

Answer: CO₂  and H₂O

Q3: What are the four types of carbohydrates?

Answer: Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides

Q4: What are monosaccharides? Give two examples.

Answer: Monosaccharides are the carbohydrates which cannot be hydrolyzed further. e.g. glucose, fructose, ribose.

Q5: Name the two carbohydrates which act as biofuels.

Answer: Starch and glycogen.

Q6: What are disaccharides? Give two examples.

Answer: Disaccharides are those carbohydrates which produces two monosaccharides on hydrolysis. e.g., sucrose, maltose and lactose.

Q7: How many asymmetric carbon atoms are present in D (+) glucose?

Answer: Glucose, with six carbon atoms, has four asymmetric carbon atom.

Q8: What are oligosaccharides?

Answer: Those carbohydrates which give two to ten monosaccharides on hydrolysis are called as oligosaccharides. Oligosaccharides are a component of fibre from plant tissue.

Q9: Which polysaccharide is stored in liver of animal?

Answer: Glycogen

Q10: What are polysaccharides? Give examples.

Answer: Polysaccharides are those carbohydrates which on hydrolysis give large number of monosaccharides hydrolysis. E.g., starch, cellulose, glycogen.

Q11: What is glucouse?

Answer: Glucose is a monosaccharide with molecular formula C₆ H₁₂O₆.

Q12: What are sugars? Name its types.

Answer: Carbohydrates which are sweet in taste are called sugars. They are divided into reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars.

Q13(MCQ): Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

(a) Glycogen 

(b) Maltose 

(c) Sucrose 

(d) Starch

Answer: (b) Maltose

Q14: What are reducing sugars? Give an example.

Answer: Reducing sugars are those carbohydrates which reduce Fehling’s or Tollen’s reagent due to availability of free aldehydic groups. e.g., glucose, fructose, galactose.

Q15: What are non-reducing sugars. Give example.

Answer: Non-reducing sugars are those which do not reduce Fehling’s or Tollen’s reagent. They do not have free aldehydic group. E.g., sucrose.

Q16: Give chemical name of Tollen’s reagent.

Answer: Ammoniacal silver nitrate solution.

Q17(MCQ): Which of the following disaccharide consists only of glucose unit?

(a) Sucrose 

(b) Maltose

(c) Lactose 

(d) All of these

Answer: (b) Maltose

Q18: What are anomers?

Answer: The two cyclic hemiacetal forms of glucose differ only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group at C1, called anomeric carbon Such isomers, i.e., α –form and β form, are called anomers.

Q19: How glucouse is prepared from sucrose?

Answer: Sucrose is boiled with dil. HCl or H₂SO₄ in alcoholic solution.

               H⁺

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O  --------→ C₆H₁₂O₆     + C₆H₁₂O₆ (only from sucrose)

                    glucouse      fructose

Q20: What is a Glycosidic linkage? 

Answer:  The linkage between two monosaccharide units through oxygen is called the glycosidic linkage.

Q21: What are proteins?

Answer: Proteins are macro molecules made up of amino acids joined by amide linkage [− (− CONH −) −] is here called as peptide linkage. These are required for growth and development of the body.

Q22: Are proteins natural or synthetic polymers?

Answer: Natural polymers.

Q23: What are amino acids?

Answer: Amino acids contain an amino (- NH₂) and an acidic (- COOH) group and are therefore amphoteric in nature. In solution they exist in the form of zwitter ion.

Q24: What is a Zwitter ion?

Answer: In aqueous solution, amino acids exist as a dipolar ion known as zwitter ion due to the presence of both acidic and basic group in the same molecule.

Q25: What are essential amino acids? Give two examples.

Answer: Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized in the body and must be obtained through diet, e.g. Valine, Leucine (a dipolar ion).

Q26: Are fibrous proteins soluble in water?

Answer: No

Q26: Give two examples of fibrous proteins.

Answer: Keratin (in hair, wool, silk) and myosin (present in muscles).

Q27: Give examples of globular proteins.

Answer: Insulin, thyroglobin, albumin, haemoglobin and fibrinogen.

Q28: What are enzymes? Give examples.

Answer: Enzymes are biocatalyst and generally globular proteins e.g., invertase, zymase, phenylalanine hydroxylase, urease etc.

Q29: How many amino acids occur in almost all protein?

Answer: 20.

Q30: Give an example of water soluble vitamin.

Answer: Vitamin C.

Q31: Name the amino acid which is not optically active.

Answer: Glycine.

Q32: What type of linkage holds together the monomers of DNA and RNA ?

Answer: Phosphodiester linkage.

☞See also:

How to learn naming Chemical Formulae
Four New Elements Added in Periodic Table

Solid State - Crystalline Solids vs Amorphous Solids
Chapter 2 - Solutions (Important Points)
Chapter 2 - Solutions (Very Short Q & A)

Chapter 3: Electrochemistry (Short Q & A)

Chapter 15: Polymers (Very Short Q & A)
Chemistry In Everyday Life (Very Short Q & A)
Functions of Catalysts

Discoveries In Atomic Structure

Discoveries In Atomic Structure
Quiz On Gases