Class 11 Informatics Practices -
Chapter 1: Computer System (Questions and Answers) - Part 2
Curious about how computers went from giant room-filling machines to the pocket-sized devices we use today? Wondering how these devices store all your information and programs? Look no further! This blog is your one-stop guide for Class XI students to explore the fascinating world of computers. We'll delve into the evolution of computers, unravel the mysteries of computer memory, decipher different memory units, and discover the two main types of memory that make your computer tick. Get ready to unlock the secrets behind the technology you use every day!
Q1. What is the name of the first binary programmable computer?
Answer: ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer)
Q2. What does VLSI stand for?
Answer: Very Large Scale Integration
Q3. What interface made computers more user-friendly?
Answer: Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Q4. (MCQ) The Von Neumann architecture includes:
a) Central Processing Unit (CPU)
b) Memory
c) Input/Output devices
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Q5. (MCQ) Moore's Law predicted an exponential growth in:
a) Software development
b) Monitor size
c) Number of transistors on a chip
d) Internet speed
Answer: c) Number of transistors on a chip
Q6. Define Central Processing Unit (CPU).
Answer: The CPU is the central processing unit of a computer, responsible for processing arithmetic and logical instructions.
Q7. Define Graphical User Interface (GUI).
Answer: A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a type of interface that allows users to interact with a computer using visual elements like icons, menus, and windows, instead of complex command lines.
Q8. Why did the popularity of personal computers surge in the 1980s?
Answer: The popularity of personal computers surged in the 1980s with the introduction of Graphical User Interface (GUI) based operating systems, making them easier to use for everyday people compared to command-line interfaces.
Q9. How did the miniaturization of processors contribute to the development of new computing devices?
Answer: The miniaturization of processors allowed for the creation of portable devices like laptops, smartphones, and tablets, making computing more accessible and versatile.
Q10. Fill in the Blanks:
i. The ___________ architecture is the foundation for modern computers. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: Von Neumann
ii. ___________ predicted the exponential growth in the number of transistors on a microchip. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: Moore's Law
iii. IBM introduced the first personal computer for home users in ___________. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: 1981
iv. The growth of the ___________ further accelerated the mass usage of computers. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: World Wide Web (WWW)
Q11. What are wearable gadgets?
Answer: Wearable gadgets are electronic devices designed to be worn on the body. Examples include smartwatches, fitness trackers, smart glasses, and headphones with advanced functionalities.
Q12. What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?
Answer: The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that allow them to connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet.
Q13. How are appliances becoming "smart" in the context of IoT?
Answer: Smart appliances are traditional home appliances equipped with additional features that allow them to connect to the internet and be controlled remotely or offer automated functions. Examples include smart refrigerators that can order groceries or washing machines that adjust cycles based on user preferences.
Q14. What does "leveraging the power of AI" mean in this context?
Answer: Here, leveraging AI refers to utilizing artificial intelligence algorithms and capabilities to enhance the functionality of smart appliances. AI can be used for tasks like voice control, facial recognition, predictive maintenance, and personalized user experiences.
Q15. How can the combination of wearable gadgets, IoT, and AI impact our lives?
Answer: The combination of these technologies has the potential to significantly change our daily routines. Wearable gadgets can provide constant health monitoring and personalized recommendations. Smart appliances connected through IoT can automate tasks and improve efficiency. AI can further personalize these experiences and provide proactive assistance. This could lead to a more convenient, healthier, and data-driven lifestyle.
Q16. How do different components of a computer communicate with each other?
Answer: Computer components talk through a network of highways called buses. These electrical pathways carry data (instructions and information) between parts like the CPU (brain), memory (storage), and storage drives (hard disks). The CPU sends instructions on the bus, and other components retrieve or send data accordingly. This constant traffic keeps the computer functioning.
Q17. What is the basic unit of memory in a computer system?
Answer: Bit
Q18(MCQ). A group of 8 bits is called:
a) Nibble
b) Byte
c) Word
d) Kilobyte
Answer: b) Byte
Q19. Define Kilobyte (KB).
Answer: Kilobyte (KB) is a unit of digital storage equal to 1024 bytes.
Q20.How many bits are in a Nibble?
Answer: 4 bits
Q21. How many Kilobytes (KB) are in a Megabyte (MB)?
Answer: 1024 KB
Q22. How many Gigabytes (GB) are in a Terabyte (TB)?
Answer: 1024 GB
Q23. What is the largest unit of memory mentioned in the passage?
Answer: Yottabyte (YB)
Q24. How many Megabytes (MB) are in a Petabyte (PB)?
Answer: While not directly mentioned in the passage, we know 1 PB = 1024 TB and 1 TB = 1024 MB. Therefore, 1 PB = (1024 TB) * (1024 MB/TB) = 1,048,576 MB
Q25. Why are computers designed to use binary digits (bits) for data storage?
Answer: Computers use binary digits because electronic circuits can easily represent two states (0 and 1) using electrical signals (on/off), making them efficient for processing and storing information.
Q26. Fill in the Blanks:
i. The main memory of a computer is also called ___________ memory. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: Primary
ii. Data is stored ___________ in secondary memory. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: Permanently
iii. A unit larger than a Gigabyte (GB) used for digital storage is ___________. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: Terabyte (TB)
Q26. How does primary memory differ from secondary memory in a computer?
Answer: Primary memory is temporary and volatile, while secondary memory is permanent and non-volatile.
Q27. (MCQ) Programs and data currently being used by the CPU are stored in:
a) Secondary memory (e.g., hard drive)
b) Primary memory (e.g., RAM)
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b
Answer: b) Primary memory (e.g., RAM)
Q28. Define non-volatile memory.
Answer: Non-volatile memory is a type of memory that retains data even after the computer is turned off.
Q29. Why is it important for computers to have both primary and secondary memory?
Answer: Computers need both primary and secondary memory because primary memory is fast for processing but limited in capacity, while secondary memory offers large storage but is slower to access. This makes frequently used data readily available while keeping long-term data secure.
Q30. Fill in the Blanks:
i. ___________ memory is faster but temporary. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: Primary
ii. Secondary memory is used for ___________ storage. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: Long-term
iii. Examples of secondary storage devices include ___________ and ___________. (Fill in the blank)
Answer: Hard disk drives (HDD) and Solid-state drives (SSD)
Q31. Suppose there is a computer with RAM but no secondary storage. Can we install a software on that computer?
Answer: No software installation on RAM-only computers. RAM (volatile) loses data on shutdown. Software installation requires permanent storage (e.g., hard drive) to hold program files after copying, which RAM can't provide.
👉SEE ALSO:
Unit Test Paper I - Python -2019-20
Computer System Overview (Part 1)
Computer System Overview (Part2)
Computer Systems Overview (MCQs)
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