Class 10 - English (Comm)- Workbook - Unit2 - Tenses

Unit2 - Tenses 

Jigsaw of Tenses
(source:clker.com)

A.1 Indicate the tense and time of each of the highlighted verbs in the table below.

Num	Sentence	Tense	Time
1	We are planning to go out for a picnic tomorrow.	Present Continuous	Future
2	India has made tremendous progress in the past few decades.	Present Perfect	Past
3	It has been raining since morning.	Present Perfect Continuous	Present
4	Could you please send your e-mail address as soon as possible?	Present	Present
5	The train must have reached Delhi by now.	Future Perfect	Future
6	It always rains in July here.	Present	Present
7	Cold wave intensifies further. (A news headline)	Present	Present
8	He was playing here a minute ago.	Past Continuous	Past
9	She won the Student of the Year award last year.	Simple Past	Past
10	All incomplete forms will be rejected.	Future	Future

B.1 Meaning
Complete the following sentences by filling in the blanks with the present progressive form of the given verbs.

Answer:

1.  I am eating (eat) a lot ...
2. are getting
3. are rising
4. are not wearing
5. am not doing
6. is leaving
7. are being very rude...
8. is always making
9. is writing

B 2. Verbs that are normally NOT used in the progressive form.
Which sentence in each of the following pairs is acceptable and why?

Answer:
1. a. I am respecting you.
   b. I respect you. ✔

2. a. My son loves to draw and paint. ✔
   b. My son is loving to draw and paint.

3. a. We are having two cars.
   b. We have two cars. ✔

4. a. I am thinking you are new to this place.
   b. I think you are new to this place. ✔

5. a. The cake smells good. ✔
   b. The cake is smelling good.

ii. Can you explain the difference between?
Answer:
1. a. I just can't imagine how you got into such a mess.
    Explanation: Non continuous action. means, I cannot guess how you got into such situation

    b. You're imagining things; nothing will happen.
    Explanation: You are pretending that nothing will happen.

2. a. The coffee tastes bitter
    Explanation: The coffee always has a bitter taste.

    b. Mother is tasting coffee to check if it is too bitter.
    Explanation: Mother is testing by drinking coffee if it is too bitter or not. (continuous action)

3. a. My teacher admires my art work
    Explanation: It means teacher has high or good opinion about  my art work.

    b. She is admiring the latest painting I have made.
    Explanation: Right now, she is praising my last painting.

4. a. The doctor is feeling the patient's pulse.
    Explanation: At present, the doctor is checking/touching the pulse of the patient. (continuous action)

    b. The patient is feeling better.
    Explanation: The patient believes (physical condition) that his health is better.

B. 3 Complete the following sentences with the appropriate forms of the given verbs.

1. Every day I go to school in a bus but today I  am going/ shall go by car because the bus operators are on strike.

2. passes ... takes a shot ... it is way above ... are attacking

3. think ... made/have made

4. says ... is responding

5. is not well ... will not come/has not come


B.6. As Susie, write a reply to Nikita's letter. Do take care to answer all the questions Nikita has asked you. What verb forms would you like to use?
Answer:
Milan
25th October, 2011

Dear Nikita,

Got your letter yesterday. I am doing fine here. Good to know all of you are hale and hearty.

My novel is almost ready. Last month was hectic as I was giving last minute finishes to the novel. I am planning its launch next month. I'll send you a signed copy of it .

Sharon is absolutely right. There is a little India in Italy. It is really amazing they teach Indian classical very much in Indian traditional way. My teacher, though an Italian by origin, has learned Bharatnatyam from famous Yamini Krishnamurti. Must say, it gives me immense happiness while performing. Despite this, I spend my day doing daily chores like you do.

I am planning to visit India this winter. Yes I'll stay at your home for full week and cherish the moments we spent in our childhood. I miss winters of Delhi, specially its 'Chai and Garam Pakodas'.

Mother is fine and progressing well. She is still receiving physiotherapy every alternate day.

There is a lot to write but it is already midnight. I'll catch you later. Give my love to kids.

Bye
Yours
Susie

C.2 Complete the following sentences by using the present perfect form (as given in C.1)of the given verbs.

Answer:
a) kids have worked...
b) I have been selected ...
c) I have contested...
d) I have known him...
e) Have you...

C.3 Look at the incomplete sentences below. Using the information provided, complete each sentence using a suitable tense. 

Answer:

1. There have been many wars since 1947.
2. In 1991,  there was a war in the Persian Gulf.
3. Edmund Hilary and Tensing first climbed Everest in 1953.
4. Many people have climbed Everest since 1953.
5. India won the Prudential Cricket World Cup in England in 1993.
6. India has won many limited-overs cricket trophies since 1993.

C.5 The present perfect is often used with the following time expressions 
Answer:

1. He has never contacted us until now.
2. So far I haven't received any call from her.
3. I met her in this morning but I haven't met her lately.
4. We have been to a shopping mall recently.
5. Over the last few years petrol prices have risen sharply. 

D. Simple Past Tense-Past Perfect Tense
D.1 Underline the main verbs in the sentences below. Then rewrite the sentences in the correct order of events. 
Answer:

1. In 1925 a disease destroyed the crops in one village.
2. The people began to starve.
3. The chief decided to send the children of the village to live in a settlement in the next valley.
4.  Later, the village people came to retrieve their children.
5. However, they had married outside the village.
6. This caused a war between the two villages.

D.2 Study the following sentences.
Answer:

Num.	A. Occurred First	B. Occurred Later
1.	Jim had migrated to the United States.	I did not know it.
2.	the show had already begun	When we arrived at the theatre.
3.	The patient had died	before the ambulance reached the hospital.
4.	He had got married	by the time he started working.
5.	because I had mislaid the keys.	I couldn't open the locker
6.	that he had seen the man somewhere before.	Byom Bakshi felt

Q:What verb forms have been used in (A) and (B) respectively?Answer:
A. Past Perfect in A
B. Simple Past in B.

Q: What conclusion can you draw from your analysis?
Answer: The Past Perfect tense is used to express or inform something that happened before another action in the past.
The Simple Past tells that an action started and ended sometime in the past.

D.3 Complete the following sentences correctly by using the simple past or past perfect forms of the given verbs.

Answer:

1. We _had_already _reached_ home when Irfan _said_ that he _had forgotten_ his books at school.
2. had woken up ... missed ... reached ... had ... started.
3. visited ... had left ... found ... had ... changed.
4. met ... had not liked

D.4 Find the incorrect sentences and then rewrite them correctly. Put a tick mark (✔) against the sentences that you think are correct.

Answer:
1. By 2005, the singer recorded ten albums. ✗
Correction: By 2005, the singer had recorded ten albums.

2. When I got to the bank, it had closed ✔

3.Timothy, the tiger, had killed five calves yesterday. ✗
Correction:  Timothy, the tiger, killed five calves yesterday.

4. When Rehman met Mini ten years later, she grew up into a young girl. ✗
Correction:  When Rehman met Mini ten years later, she had grown up into a young girl.

5. By the time we reached the airport, the flight had left. ✔

6. We hardly went a kilometre or so when the car broke down. ✗
Correction: We had hardly gone a kilometre or so when the car broke down.

D.5 Carefully study each of the following events or situations described in a set of three sentences/phrases. Then write a short paragraph to describe each event/situation as shown in the example. Your paragraph should begin with the description of the second event in each case. Use the verb form had + past participle to describe the earliest of the past events.

Answer:

• I tried to phone Mayank this morning but the servant answered the phone. He told me that Mayank had out with his family.
• Jayanti met Rohit, who had returned from holiday. Both went to see a film.
• The participants arrived in Gangtok. They found that all the arrangements had been finalized for the seminar. They met the professors from the UK the same evening.

G. Tenses - Summary
Read the biodata of Sangeeta Rani Puri, India's swimming sensation. Then, complete the interview in the spaces provided. Do NOT add any extra information. Use appropriate tenses.

Answer:
Interviewer : Sangeeta, since you were in India for only a short while before you flew to Atlanta, would you tell us a little about yourself?
Sangeeta : Well, I'm an Indian and I'm proud to be one.

I: Please tell us about your parents.
S: My father, _Mr. Raj Krishna Puri, is a famous immigration lawyer and my mother, Mrs. Moyna Margaret Puri, is_  from Trinidad.

I: Have you taken part in any of the National Championships?

S: (Very excited) Yes, I have set six new national records in five days Swimming Meet at the Junior Nationals at, Vijaywada)

I: How did you perform at Senior Nationals?
S: I won seven events and set five new national records Senior Nationals, in Kolkata in October 1995.

I: How do you rate your performance in the Altanta Olympics in 1996?
S: I am proud I represented India in 50m freestyle. It's true that I did not win any medal in Atlanta. But, I had the best time of my life i.e. 29.02 seconds.

I: Have you made any plans for the future?
S: I do have. I am trying to get a Swimming scholarship and training in the USA. Also I will represent India  for as long as possible. Also I hope that I will win an Medal in the Olympics.

I: Thank you, Sangeeta. I wish you all the best.
S: Thank you very much.