CBSE Class 12/NTSE/ - Chemistry - Functions of Catalysts (#class12Chemistry)(AIPMT)(#eduvictors)

Chemistry - Functions of Catalysts

Catalyst, in chemistry, any substance that increases or decreases the rate of a reaction without itself being consumed. Enzymes are bio catalysts i.e. naturally occurring catalysts responsible for many essential biochemical reactions.

Here is a list of catalysts used in various chemical reactions:


1. In Haber’s process for manufacture of ammonia
    Catalyst: Iron powder




2. In making vegetable oils
    Catalyst: Nickel


3. In Contact process for manufacture of sulphuric acid
    Catalyst: Platinum powder


4. In Lead Chamber process of manufacture of sulphuric acid
    Catalyst: Oxides of nitrogen


5. In manufacture of ether from alcohol
    Catalyst: Hot alumina


6. In Decan’s process for manufacture of chlorine
    Catalyst: Cupric chloride


7. In dissociation of proteins into peptides in the stomach
    Catalyst: Pepsin enzyme


8. In the dissociation of proteins into amino acid in intestine
    Catalyst: Erepsin enzyme


9. In dissociation of proteins into amino acid in pancreas
    Catalyst: Trypsin enzyme


10. In conversion of starch into glucose in human saliva
    Catalyst: Amylase enzyme


11. In manufacture of ethyl alcohol from glucose
    Catalyst: Zymase enzyme


12. In manufacture of maltose from starch
    Catalyst: Diastase enzyme


13. In manufacture of vinegar from cane sugar
    Catalyst: Micodemi aceti


14. In manufacture of glucose and fructose from cane-sugar
    Catalyst: Invertase enzyme


15. In making lactic acid from milk Iron powder
    Catalyst: Lactic Bacilli (bacteria)


16: Cracking of gas oil
       Catalyst: Zeolite


17: Manufacturing Nitric acid
       Catalyst: Platinum and rhodium

     
☞See Also:
Chapter 15: Polymers (Very Short Q & A)
Chemistry In Everyday Life (Very Short Q & A)