Class 12 - Biology - Reproduction in Organisms (Very Short Answer Based Questions)(#eduvictors)(#class12Biology)

Class 12 - Biology - Reproduction in Organisms (Very Short Answer Based Questions)

Q1(MCQ): Clones are

(a) Morphologically similar 

(b) Genetically similar

(c) Both (a) and (b) 

(d) None of these

Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b) 

Clones are morphologically and genetically similar individuals.

Q2: Define Parthenogenesis.

Answer: Parthenogenesis is the development of an egg into an embryo without fertilisation. e.g. in rotifers, honeybees, turkey and some lizards.

Q3: Identify each part in a flowering plant and write whether it is haploid (n) or diploid (2n).

(a) Ovary -—-——-———————

(b) Anther -—————————

(c) Egg —-—-—-—--——

(d) Pollen --—-————————

(e) Male gamete -—-—————————

(f ) Zygote --—————————

Answer:

(a) Ovary : Diploid(2n)

(b) Anther : Diploid(2n)

(c) Egg : Haploid(n)

(d) Pollen : Haploid(n)

(e) Male gamete : Haploid(n)

(f ) Zygote : Diploid(2n)

Q4: Name the most invasive aquatic plant weed which is called as Terror of Bengal.

Answer: Water hyacinth (Eicchornia)

Q5: How does Zygote usually differ from Zoospore in terms of ploidy?

Answer: Zygote diploid, zoospore haploid.

Q6: Name two single-celled organisms that reproduce through binary fission.

Answer: Amoeba, paramecium

Q7(MCQ): Which of these organisms show budding?

(a) Yeast 

(b) Hydra

(c) Sponge 

(d) All of these 

Answer: (d) All of these 

Q8: Which characteristic property of Bryophyllum is exploited by gardeners and farmers?

Answer: Adventitious bud arising from margin of the leaf.

Q9: Name a single celled organism that reproduces through multiple fission.

Answer: Plasmodium

Q10: What are meiocytes?

Answer: These are specialized cells of diploid organisms which undergo meiosis to produce gametes.

Q11: Define  Gametogenesis

Answer: It is the process of the formation of haploid male and female gametes from diploid meiocytes through the process of meiosis.

Q12: Define embryogenesis.

Answer: It is the process of the development of the embryo from the repeated mitotic divisions of the diploid zygote.

Q13: How does  Penicillium reproduce?

Answer: Penicillium reproduces with the help of asexual structures called conidia

Q14: How will you grow a ginger plant?

Answer: The rhizomes of a ginger are used to propagate new plantlets.

Q15: Higher organism have resorted to sexual reproduction inspite of its complexity. Why?

Answer: Because of variations, gene pool, Vigour and Vitality and Parental care.

Q16: Name the vegetative propagules in the following:

(a) Agave (b) Bryophyllum

Answer: (a) Bulbil  (b) Leaf buds

Q17:  Mention a characteristic feature and a function of zoospores in some algae.

Answer: Chlamydomonas (an algae) reproduces asexually through zoospore formation. These spores are unicellular, naked (without cell wall), motile and flagellated and hence named zoospores.

Q18: What are Monoecious Plants?

Answer: Plants having both male and female flowers on same plant. e.g. cucurbits and coconut. The term ‘homothallic’ is used in Fungi for same condition.

Q19: What are Dioecious Plants? 

Answer: Plants having male and female flowers on separate plant. e.g. Papaya and date palm. The term ‘heterothallic’ is used in fungi for the same condition.

Q20: Define Fragmentation 

Answer: It is a type of asexual reproduction where an organism splits into fragments. Their fragments develops into fully grown individual. 

e.g. spirogyra, fungi and some annelids.

Q21: Define Regeneration.

Answer: It is a process of renewal, restoration and growth. It can occur at the level of the cell, tissue and organ. It is common in Hydra, Planaria and echinoderms.

Q22: What is Oestrus Cycle?

Answer: The reproductive cycle in non-primate mammals like cows, sheep, rats, deer, dogs and tigers etc;. The sexually active females referred to as being in ‘heat’ at a specific time of Oestrus cycle. They reabsorb the endometrium if conception does not occur.

Q23: Mention the unique feature with respect to flowering and fruiting in bamboo species.

Answer: The unique feature with respect to flowering and fruiting in bamboo species is that they flower only once in their lifetime (after 50-100 years), produce large number of fruits and then die.

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