CBSE Class 10 - Biology - Heredity and Evolution - Do Not Miss These Important Definitions and Terms

Heredity and Evolution

Important Definitions and Terms

Q1: Define Genetics

Answer: Genetics is the branch of Biology which deals with the study of heredity and variation.


Q2: Define Heredity

Answer: Heredity refers to process by which certain features (inheritable) are transmitted from parent to offspring.


Q3: Define Variation

Answer: Offspring of same parents do not exactly resemble each other as well to their parents. It is called variation.


Q4: What are analogous organs?

Answer: The organs that have same functions but different structures and origin are called analogous organs. e.g. the wings of a bat and the wings of an insect are analogous.


Q5: What are homologous organs?

Answer: The organs that have the same structure, origin and components but may be performing different functions are called homologous organs. Eg: hands of a human and the forelimbs of a horse.


Q6: What are vestigial organs?

CBSE Class 10 - Biology - CH8 - How do Organisms Reproduce? (Very Short Q and A)

How do Organisms Reproduce?

Very Short Q & A Based on CBSE Question Papers 

Q1: Name the scientist who used the Latin phrase "Omnis cellula e cellula," means "Every Cell From a Cell"?

Answer: Rudolf Virchow, a German Scientist who emphasised that cell produces cells.


Q2: Does Cell Division play an important role in reproduction?

Answer: Yes. It plays important role in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It is important in following two ways:
i.  gives rise to a new organism or daughter cell.
ii. in multicellular prokaryotes, cell division renews and repairs cells that die from wear and tear.


Q3: Give an example cell division occurs in human body for continuity of life?

Answer: Bone marrow continuously produce new blood cells.


Q4: What is the crucial function of cell division?

Answer: To pass genetic material (DNA copy) to offspring cellular apparatus.


Q5: What are the types of cell division? Give examples of each

Answer: There are two types of cell division:
i.  Mitotis : This cell division occurs in most of the cells of the body. Parent cells divides into two (or more) offspring cells passing on identical copies of DNA (genetic material).
ii Meosis: This cell division occurs in cells of reproductive organs (called male and female gametes). Each offspring cell contains half copy of DNA material froms its parent cell. When these male and female gametes fuse together, it gives rise to new organism.

CBSE Class 6-12 - Science - Fathers in Biology

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Fathers of Various Branches in Biology

Aristotle - Father of Biology
credits: wikipedia

Num.	Branch of Biology	Name
1	Father of Biology	Aristotle
2	Father of Zoology	Aristotle
3	Father of Botany	Theophrastus
4	Father of Taxonomy	Carl Linnaeus
5	Father of Plant Physiology	Stephen Hales
6	Father of Bacteriology	Louis Pastuer
7	Father of Microbiology	Leeuwenhoek
8	Father of Immunology	Edward Jenner
9	Father of Cytology	Robert Hooke
10	Father of Mycology	Micheli
11	Father of Genetics	G J Mendel
12	Father of Experimental Genetics	T. H. Morgan
13	Father of Bryology	Johann Hedwig
14	Father of Eugenics	Francis Galton
15	Father of Microscopy	Marcello Malphigi
16	Father of Bio-diversity	E.O. Wilson
17	Father of Medicine	Hippocrates
18	Father of modern Anatomy	Andreas Vesalius
19	Father of Radiation Genetics	H. J. Muller

CBSE Class 10 - Science - CH 8. CONTROL AND COORDINATION

CONTROL AND COORDINATION

MCQs

Q1: The plant hormone which is essential for cell division is:

(a) Auxin
(b) Cytokinin
(c) Ethylene
(d) Gibberellin


Q2: The gap between two neurons is called _____

(a) Synapse
(b) Axon
(c) Synthesise
(d) Dendron


Q3: A potted plant is kept in a room. It starts to bend towards the direction of light. This type of movement is known as

(a) Photographism
(b) Photoperiodism
(c) Phototropism
(d) Photocynism


Q4: Tropic movements are

(a) in response to light
(b) in response to gravity
(c) non-directional
(d) unidirectional

CBSE Class 10 - Science - Ch6 - Gist on Excretory System (Life Processes)

Gist on Excretory System

(Short Q & A)

A Pair Of Kidneys
(image credits: openclipart)

Q1: Define Excretion.

Answer: Excretion is a biological process by which an organism gets rid of metabolic toxic wastes from its body.

Q2: List the toxic wastes of metabolism.

Answer: These wastes are nitrogenous materials i.e. ammonia, urea and uric acid, carbon dioxide, inorganic salts, excess of water.

Q3: What is Osmoregulation? 

Answer: It is a process that maintains the amount of water and ionic balance in the body.

Q4: Where Urea is formed in mammals?

Answer: Urea is made in the liver via the ornithine cycle by combining the ammonia
made by deamination with carbon dioxide made from respiration

Q5: What are the major excretory products of plants?

Class 10 - Biology - How do Organisms Reproduce? (Fill In Blanks)

Class 10 - Biology - How do Organisms Reproduce? 

Cross-section of Flower
credits: clker.com

Fill in the Blanks

[Asexual Reproduction in Plants]

1. The ability of plant cells to give rise to whole plant is called as ____.

2. In Asexual reproduction the gametes are ______ (formed/not formed).

3. In yeasts, ____ is the most common type of asexual reproduction.

4. In grafting, the union occurs through formation of ____ between the two grafts.

5. The process of formation of spores is called ____.

6. Asexual reproduction method in spirogyra is called _______.

7. Orchids and Ornamental Plants are generally reprodued asexually. One of the common vegetative propagation technique used for these plants is _______.

[Sexual Reproduction in Plants]

CBSE Class 10 - Science - CH6 - Life Processes (MCQs)

Life Processes

(MCQs)

Q1: Which of the following type has the longest small intestine?

(a) Carnivores
(b) Omnivores
(c) Herbivores
(d) Autotroph


Q2: Villi are present in

(a) pancreas
(b) stomach
(c) small intestine
(d) oesophagus


Q3: Which of the following metal is associated with heamoglobin?

(a) Aluminum
(b) Iron
(c) Potassium
(d) Calcium

CBSE Class 10 - Science - CH6 Life Processes (Photosynthesis)

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Process
credits : original chloroplast image taken from Wikipedia

Q & A

Q1: What is photosynthesis?

Answer: The process by which green plants make their own food from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll is called photosynthesis.

During this process, oxygen gas is released. This process can be represented as:

    6CO₂   + 12H₂O    ➞    C₆H₁₂O₆   +    6H₂O +    6O₂

The green plants convert the energy of sunlight into chemical energy by making glucose.
The extra glucose formed changes into starch which is stored in leaves.
The Oxygen released comes from the water.

Q2: Define Translocation.

Answer: Transportation of food from photosynthetic parts of the plant to the non-green part of the plant through phloem is known as translocation.


Q3: What are the important events occur during photosynthesis process?

Answer: The following events occur during this process:

1. Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
2. Conversion of light energy to chemical energy and splitting of water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. (Light Reaction)
3. Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates. (Dark Reaction by Calvin Cycle)

Q4: Mention the conditions for photosynthesis. Also, mention the process involved in each of these steps.

CBSE Class 10 - Science - NTSE (Biology) Quiz - 18

NTSE Biology Quiz-18

Q1: We found heterotropic mode of nutrition in which of the following:
(a) Opuntia
(b) pistia
(c) Vallisneria
(d) Drosera


Q2: Which of the following is an example of insectivorous plant?
(a) Orobanche
(b) Rafflesia
(c) Cuscuta
(d) Drosera


Q3: Insectivorous plants
(a) are heterotropic
(b) can get supplementary protein food
(c) cannot manufacture their food other than carbohydrates
(d) cannot manufacture their own proteins

CBSE Class 10 - Biology - Heredity and Evolution (MCQs)

Heredity and Evolution

(MCQs)

Q1: Which type of variation is inherited?

(a) Somatic Variation
(b) Germinal Variation
(c) Both Somatic and Germinal
(d) None of these


Q2: The organs which perform different functions but have the same basic structure are called:

(a) Vestigial organ
(b) Analogous organs
(c) Homologous organs
(d) Analytic organs

CBSE Class 10 - Science - CH 16 - Management of Natural Resources (Q and A)

Management of Natural Resources

Why do we need to use our resources carefully?

Q & A

Q1(CBSE 2011): What is coliform bacteria? What does its presence in water indicate?

Answer: Coliform is a group of bacteria which is found in human intestines. Its presence in water indicates contamination by disease-causing microbes. Its high presence in rivers and ponds elevates the risks of water borne diseases like gastroenteritis.

Q2(CBSE 2011): State two reasons of launching "Ganga Action Plan". Which bacteria was found in Ganga water indicating contamination?

CBSE Class 10 - Science - Ch 16 - Management of Natural Resources (Worksheet)

Management of Natural Resources

(Worksheet)

Recycling is important for ecological stability
credits:openclipart

Fill in the blanks

1. ________________ is a group of bacteria, found in human intestines, whose presence in water indicates contamination by disease-causing microorganisms.

2. The ______ of water is something that can easily be checked using universal indicator.

3. The three R’s to save the environment are __________, ___________ and ___________.

4. _________ means that you use less.

CBSE Class 10 - Science - How do Organisms Reproduce? (Formative Assignment)

How do Organisms Reproduce? 

(Formative Assignment)

Q(Teachers FA Manual): Fill up the a crossword puzzle as per the clues given below:

NTSE SAT Quiz-15 (Biology)

NTSE SAT Quiz-15 (Biology)

Biology Quiz

Q1: Which of the following is a Gram positive bacteria?

(a) Cyanobacteria
(b) Eschericilia
(c) pseudomonas
(d) Preumococus

Q2: Cell wall in cork is impervious to water and gases due to the presence of 

(a) Lignin
(b) Suberin
(c) Cellulose
(d) Pectin

CBSE Class 10 - Science - CH8 - How do Organisms Reproduce? (MCQs)

Class 10 - Biology - How do Organisms Reproduce? 

Cross-section of Flower
credits: clker.com

MCQs

Q1(FA Manual): The information source for making proteins is

(a) Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
(b) DNA
(c) Hormones
(d) Enzymes

CBSE Class 10 - Science - Ch14 - Sources of Energy

Sources of Energy 

(Q & A)

Q1: Fill in the blanks.
(a) Hydro power plants convert _________ energy of falling water into electricity.

(b) When wood is burnt in a limited supply of oxygen, ______ is left behind as residue.

(c) Gases like ______, _____, ______ and ______ are generated in a biogas plant.

(d) Biogas contains _____ % methane.

(e) To maintain the required speed of the turbine, wind speed should be higher than _____.

(f) To establish 1 MW generator, the wind energy farm needs about ___ hectares of land.

(g) Ocean Thermal Energy plants can operate if the temperature difference between the water at the surface and water at depths up to ______ km is _______ or more.

(h) ______ and _______ countries have number of power plants based on geothermal energy.

Answer:

Branches of Biology

Eye of Jumping Spider
Photo by Thomas Shahan; Source: Flickr

Branches of Biology

1. Biology: study of  living organisms.

2. Botany:  study of plants.

3. Zoology: study of animals.

4. Morphology: study of internal and external structures of organisms (plants and animals) organs.

5. Histology: study of tissues.

CBSE - Class X - Science - Ch7 - Control and Coordination

Human Brain
(credits:wpclipart.com)

MCQs, NCERT Chapter Solutions, Q & A

Q1: The plant hormone which is essential for cell division is
(a) Ethylene
(b) Auxin
(c) Gibberellin
(d) Cytokinin

Answer:  (d) Cytokinin

Class 10 - Biology - CH6 - Life Processes (#cbsenotes)

Life Processes

MCQs, NCERT Chapter Solutions and other Q & A

☛ See Quiz Life Processes


Q1. The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for
(a) nutrition.
(b) respiration.
(c) excretion.
(d) transportation.

Answer: (c) excretion.


Q2. The xylem in plants is responsible for
(a) transport of water.
(b) transport of food.
(c) transport of amino acids.
(d) transport of oxygen.

Answer: (a) transport of water.

Class 10 - Science - Ch9 - Heredity and evolution (Q & A)+NCERT Solutions

Heredity and evolution 

(Q & A)+NCERT Solutions 

Apeman evolution

Q1: Define Heredity.

Answer: Heredity refers to the process by which certain features (heritable characteristics) are transmitted from parent to offspring.

Q2: Define Variation.

Answer: Offsprings of same parents do not exactly resemble each other as well as to their parents.  It is known as variation.